Anne Dudley

Other Events:

• Occupation: Poet
• Immigration: 1630, Massachusetts Bay Colony; in the Winthrop Fleet

Notes:

His wife, Anne Bradstreet, was America's first published poet.
Ann Dudley was considered the first poet of New England. Bradstreet, Anne Dudley 1612-1672 English-born colonial poet who wrote several collections of verse, including The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America (1650).

Bradstreet, Anne (Dudley), c.1612-1672, American poet; b. Northampton, England; came to MA with her father and husband, both later governors of the colony. The first important woman author in America, she is known for poems that, while derivative and formal, are often realistic and genuine Her volumes of verse include The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America (1650) and Several Poems (1678).

Occupation:
Anne Dudley Bradstreet

I am obnoxious to each carping tongue,
Who sayes, my hand a needle better fits,
A Poets Pen, all scorne, I should thus wrong;
For such despighte they cast on female wits:
If what I doe prove well, it wo'nt advance,
They'l say its stolen, or else, it was by chance. - Bradstreet

Anne Dudley Bradstreet was America's first poet. Born about 1612 in Northampton, England, Anne was the first daughter and second of the five children of Thomas Dudley and Dorothy (Yorke) Dudley, who was, by CottonMather's account, "a gentlewoman whose extraction and estate were considerable." Her parents' marriage record was found in the Parish Registerat Hardingstone, near Northampton, England: "Marriages Anno Dni 1606 -Thomas Dudley & Dorothy York married the 25th of April, 1603" (NEHGR 56:206 Notes and Queries).

Anne's childhood was spent in comparative luxury at Tattershall Castle in Sempringham, Lincolnshire, where her father was the chief steward of the vast estates of Theophilus Clinton, the Puritan Earl of Lincoln. Herupbringing was largely influenced by her father's position. She had private tutors, access to the Earl's library, the enouragement of a literate father who loved history, and a strict religious indoctrination.

Her young life was often interrupted by illness; she was bedridden withrheumatic fever and as an adolescent she almost died from smallpox. Shortly after recovering, Anne, aged 16, married Simon Bradstreet in 1628.Simon was a prot©bg©b of the Earl's, nine years her senior, the son ofa Nonconformist minister and a graduate of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. In 1630 Anne accompanied him and her parents to America. They were members of John Winthrop's party, the first settlers on MA Bay and they sailed on the flagship, Arbella. The party arrived "in June at the half-dying, famine-ridden frontier village of Salem, after a journey of 3 month of close quarter, raw nerves, sickness, hysteria and salt meats," wrote AnNE At first dismayed by the rude life of the settlement, she soon reconciled herself to it. "I changed my condition and was marryed, and came into this country, where I found a new world and new manners, atwhich my heart rose. But after I was convinced it was the way of God, Isubmitted to it and joined to the church at Boston."

Anne's father, Thomas Dudley became deputy governer of the MA Bay Company. He was a magistrate at the trial of Anne Hutchinson, the other, heretical, Anne, who threatened the foundations of the colony and "gloried" in her excommunication. Simon Bradstreet was an assistant and later twice governor of the colony. The official standing of her father and husband gave Anne a place of dignity and honor in the New World. After a brief residence in Cambridge, the family moved to Ipswich and after 1644to North Andover, her home for the remainder of her life.

It was a humiliation to this eighteen-year-old wife that she did not atonce become a mother. "It pleased God to keep me a long time without achild, which was a great grief to me." Her first son, Samuel, was bornatNewtowne (Cambridge) in 1633/4, just before moving to Ipswich, and he proved to be the first of eight children. The others were Dorothy, Sarah, Simon, Jr., Dudley, Hannah, John and Mercy.

Admidst her social obligations, Anne found time to write poetry. By herown admission, she began her verse-making almost accidentally. Her poems were written for her own satisfaction. As was customary of the time,her poems were circulated among family and friends in the new colony. She greatly admired the leading French calvinist poet Du Bartas and her early verse shows his influence upon her.

Anne's brother-in-law, the Rev. John Woodbridge, who had secured a manuscript copy comprised of fifteen poems, caused them to be printed in England under the title, The Tenth Muse Lately sprung up in America, Or Severall Poems, compiled with great variety of Wit and Learning, full ofdelight ... By a Gentlewoman in those parts. This appears to have occurred without her knowledge or consent. All of the poems in this collection were written before her thirtieth year, somewhere between 1630-1642,imitating Du Bartas. Her early work was conventional, dull, and easilyforgotten. No one of the long poems in The Tenth Muse would be read today by anyone save a literay historian. The often wooden lines and forced rhymes of her early poems reveal Bradstreet's grim determination toprove that she could write in the lofty style of the established male poets, but her deeper emotions are obviously not engaged in the projeCT

Seeing The Tenth Muse in print completely cured Anne of writing imitative poetry. In 1678 an American edition of The Tenth Muse appeared underthe new title Several Poems Compiled with great variety of Wit and Learning and included some of her later work, which became her chief claimto attention. The first satisfactory edition of her work was edited byJohn Harvey Ellis in 1867. It is clear that this edition contains the poet's own corrections, made because she was dissatisfied the The Tenth Muse. These later poems show that she had not only learned to see natureand human life directly, but also to look into her own heart and writewith the imagination vision of a poet. Much of her later work was rooted in her actual experience as a wife, as a mother, and a woman in seventeenth-century New England. It concerned her personal reflections, andthe warmth and frank humanity that pervaded them struck a welcome contrast to the Puritan stereotype.

As a Puritan woman of the seventeenth-century, Anne Bradstreet struggled to write poetry in a society that was hostile to imagination. Women were expected to behave deferentially and neither her education nor her privileged status as the child of one colonial governor and wife of another could protect her against the scorn and persecution visited upon women who stepped beyond their role in Puritan society. Anne often appears self-deprecating in order to appease the critical males, describing her work as lowly, meanly clad, poor, ragged, foolish, broken, and blemished.

In the Prologue of The Tenth Muse, Anne makes a very modest claim for the attention she and all women deserve:

Let Greeks be Greeks, and Women what they are,
Men have precedency, and still excell,
It is but vaine, unjustly to wage war,
Men can doe best, and Women know it well;
Preheminence in each, and all is yours,
Yet grant some small acknowledgement of ours.

In start contrast, however, is her bold declaration of female abilitiesin Happy Memory of Queen Elizabeth, the only poem in The Tenth Muse which is not apologetic, but which would have been dangerous had Anne proclaimed the worth of her own work in such a manner.

Who was so good, so just, so learn'd, so wise,
From all the Kings on earth she won the prize;
Nor say I more then duly is her due,
Millions will testifie that this is true.
She hath wip'd off th' aspersion of her Sex,
That woman wisdome lack to play the Rex.

Overall, the poetry of Anne Bradstreet is without a trace of romanticism or sentimentalism. Her art was not an escape from life, but an expression of it. She could express a tender sentiment without being sentimental. This appears best in her poem on the burning of her home at Andover in 1666 and her feelings as she passed the blackened ruins of the house.

When by the ruins oft I passed
My sorrowing eyes aside did cast,
And here and there the places spy
Where oft I say, and long did lie.

Here stood that trunk, and there that chest;
There lay the store I counted best;
My pleasant things in ashes lie,
And them behold no more shall I.
Under thy roof no guest shall sit,
Nor at thy table eat a bit.

No pleasant tale e'er be told,
Nor things recounted done of old.
No candle e'er shall shine in thee,
Nor bridegroom's voice e'er heard shall be.
In silence ever shalt thou lie;
Adieu, Adieu, all's vanity.

Anne's prose "Meditations Divine and Moral," written for her son Simon,were found after her death along with many unpublished poems written toher children. It is likely that other unpublished works were destroyedin the fire that consumed her North Andover home in 1666. Anne DudleyBradstreet died on September 16, 1672, in North Andover, MA of consumption or tuberculosis. No potrait survives and her burial place is not known. She may be buried in the old Burying Ground at North Andover or in her father's tomb at Roxbury, MA.

It is questionable if Anne Bradstreet influenced other poets, but many have paid homage to her. It has been said that Anne's genius was reincarnated in Emily Dickinson. Numbered among her illustrious descendants are Richard Henry Dana, William Ellery Channing, Wendell Phillips, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.

Anne married Simon Bradstreet in 1628 in Northampton, England. Simon (son of Simon Bradstreet and M.) was born on 18 Mar 1603 in Horbling, Lincolnshire, England; died on 27 Mar 1697 in Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Freeman 1674.
Representative 1677, 1690, and 1691.
Colonel of Militia.
Justice of the Peace in Andover during witchcraft persecutions.
Because of his disbelief in the procedures was later accused himself and fled.
Examined Thomas Carrier Jr. and Sarah Carrier.

John married Sarah Perkins on 11 Jun 1677 in Massachusetts. Sarah was born on 02 Mar 1655 in Massachusetts; died in Apr 1745 in Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mercy married John Hazen in 1709 in Norwich, New London County, Connecticut. John (son of Thomas Hazen and Mary Howlett) was born on 23 Mar 1685 in Boxford, Essex County, Massachusetts; died on 24 Feb 1772 in Norwich, New London County, Connecticut. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• BAPM: 06 Nov 1715

Notes:

Nothing has been learned of his marriage and death.
The name of Samuel Hazen is the first of the family to have been found in New Jersey records. In an old volume at Newton appears this record: "At a court of General Sessions of the Peace held at Hardwick, County ofSussex, on the Third Tuesday in February in the year of our Lord one Thousand seven hundred and fifty five and in the Twenty eighth year of his Majesty's Reign--The King vs. Charles McConnell--Indictment for misdemeanor. The attorney general opened the cause--and the following Evidences pro Rege--Mary Robins, Jane Robins, Joshua Robins, Saml. Hazen, Thomas Wolverton."Soon after this date, the names of Thomas and Daniel Hazen appear in the same book of court records, and in 1778 the name of Nathaniel Hazen [son of John]. The corroborates the general tradition among their descendants that three or four brothers came from CT to New Jersey at about the same time. The only known child of Samuel is his son Samuel.[HazenGary.FTW]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• BAPM: 06 Nov 1715

Notes:

Military:
This is probably the "Simon Hazon" whose name, together with that of "Samuel Hazon," appears on a muster roll of volunteersenlisted under command of Capt. Albartus Tiebout to serve in the expedition against Canada, mustered in New York 12 July 1746. [2d Annual Report, State Historian of NY (1897), p. 618.]

Notes:

The birth of John is recorded at Boxford as 21 Feb. 1710. It seems probable that when, years later, John Hazen had all his children recordedat Norwich, a mistake was made as to the exact age of his firstborn, for John, the eldest child, is there recorded as born 21 Feb 1711/12. It is possible that there were two Johns born exactly a year apart, but the above explanation is more reasonable.
The birth of Hannah is given above as on the Norwich town record; on the Lyme records the same child is given as born 18 May 1731 at Norwich.
The birth of Thomas, according to his own family record, was 16 Jan. 1733, but as he gives the name of his father John on that record, there can be no question that he is to be identified with the Thomas born in Lyme. The case of Hannah proves that either the father or the town clerk was not to be relied on, and considering the numerous cases among thedescendants, of parents who cannot give the ages of children, and sometimes not even their own, accurately, such discrepancies ought to have no great weight.
He received land from his father by a deed dated 25 Jan. 1736/7; "I John Hazen of Lyme for ye love good will and natural affection I have owe and do bear unto my loveing and dutifull son John Hazen of sd Lyme . . .. give . . . unto him" two pieces of land containing 25 1/2 acres in the East Parish of Lyme. This land with a dwelling house was conveyed by John Hazen, Jr., to Robert Miller, 3 Jan 1739/40, and on the same date he bought of Robert Miller another house and 25 acres for 400 pounds.This place he sold again, with 7 1/2 acres purchased of "his honored father," to David Huntley for 500 pounds, 14 Sept. 1742. No later Hazendeeds are recorded in Lyme, though from the record of births of the children, it is evident that the family was there at least twelve years later. He seems to have made a prospecting trip in New Jersey about 1745, but there is no evidence that he had any residence outside of CT

Other Events:

• BAPM: 05 Aug 1722

Sarah married Gamaliel Reynolds on 31 Oct 1749 in Norwich, New London County, Connecticut. Gamaliel was born on 04 Nov 1725 in Norwich, New London County, Connecticut; died on 07 May 1805 in Norwich, New London County, Connecticut. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• BAPM: 26 Jul 1724

Notes:

He was doubtless married in New Jersey. On 15 Aug. 1755, it is recorded that Daniel Hazen paid a fee of 8s. 9d. for Hardwicktownship (Old Sussex Co.]. At a Court held at "New Town in and for theCounty of Sussex," the third Tuesday in November, 1757, Daniel Hazen and Isaac Bell served on the Grand jury. He was a juror with Thomas Hazen [his brother], 22 May 1764. He was also a juror at the August term,1770, and the May term, 1771.
His son, Arthur Hazen, was appointed administrator of his estate, 25 Dec 1788. Several deeds indicate that Ziba bought out most of the sharesof his brothers and sisters in the home farm. On 4 Apr. 1794, "WhereasDaniel Hazen late of Independence deceased was seized of an estate of113 acres lying in Independence in fee simple on which estate he liveduntill the 4th day of December 1788 and there died Intestate leaving eight sons Daniel John Arthur Ziba Caleb Jacob Ahimaaz and William and fivedaughters Rachel Allace Mary (Marcy in some deeds of the heirs) Sarah and Lenia . . . Allas Hazen of Independence" sold all her share in her father's estate to "Ziba Hazen of Roxbury, " for 12pounds 10 s. Lenah Hazen of Independence sold her share to Ziba of Roxbury, for 12 pounds, 1Apr. 1797; Jacob Hazen of Independence sold his share to Ziba, for 25 pounds, 4 Apr 1799; Ziba bought Daniel's share for 28 pounds 10s.,7 June1797. On 29 May 1812, Rachel Hazen of Independence, widow of Daniel, for $1000, quitclaimed all right of dower in the 113 acres of Daniel Hazen deceased, to Ziba Hazen of Mansfield.[Hazen21404.FTW]

Other Events:

• BAPM: 08 May 1720
• Military: 1778; Ensign Seventh Dutchess County Regiment

Notes:

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Bapt. 8 May 1720 Caleb Hazen, with his wife and father in law, came towhat is now the town of Carmel in 1740, and settled on what has ever since been called "Hazen Hill," on the south side of Croton River, aboutamile and a half southwest of the village of Carmel.

The Hazen Family in America book has the following paragraph:
The tradition is that Eleazer Hamblin brought his family from Cape Cod to CT about 1739, and left them with the family of John Hazen for the winter, while he was prospecting in Philipse Patent (later Frederickstown), N. Y. When he returned to Connecticut in the spring, he found CalebHazen ready to go with him as his son-in-law. They settled within thelimits of the present town of Carmel, Putnam County; Caleb Hazen had afarm of about 500 acres on what has since been called Hazen Hill. He built his home on the west branch of the Croton River near the south endofthe dam at Reservoir D, and erected a forge and furnace a few rods below the bridge there. He manufactured everything made of iron then needed in building or in agriculture. The iron ore was obtained from a mine under what is now Brewster. As his children married, portions of thefarm were set off and houses builtfor them.

Caleb married Sarah Hamblin in Mar 1738 in Carmel, Dutchess County, New York. Sarah (daughter of E. Hamblin and S. Sears) was born on 16 Mar 1719 in Barnstable, Barnstable County, Massachusetts; died in Dec 1814 in Carmel, Dutchess County, New York. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]